This could have been the end for mankind if the Son hadn't stood up. Heaven stands "mute." Nobody wants to make the sacrifice.But wait, what about all of man's sins? They have no way of making up for those, unless someone will become mortal and die for their sins.God says everyone will have the ability to hear his call he'll implant a conscience in them, which will help them achieve grace, Heaven, or whatever safely.Some men will be saved, but not because of their own will but because of God's grace. God responds, telling his Son that he's read his mind exactly.He praises God's resolution regarding man (i.e., that he will have grace) because it simply isn't possible that Satan should win. Because mankind was deceived, he will find grace at some point.God stresses that predestination doesn't exist both mankind, Satan, and the other rebel angels fell by their own choice: "they themselves decreed/ Their own revolt, not I" (3.116-7).If they didn't have a choice, their obedience to God would be a joke it wouldn't be meaningful. Everyone – man and angels included – has a choice.God knows what he's (Satan) up to, and he knows that Satan will succeed in his attempts to tempt mankind. God describes Satan's malice to His Son.His Son (not named Jesus yet) sits on his right. God is in Heaven, looking down at his angels, at Adam and Eve, and at Satan.The poet can't see anything so he asks the "celestial light" to shine inward – i.e., give him some kind of mental vision so he can compose poetry and talk about things that most humans can't see anyway (Heaven, Hell, the past, etc.).The poet hasn't forgotten about other famous blind poets and prophets, such as Homer and Tiresias he's "equal" to them in blindness and hopes to be "equal" to them in fame. This doesn't prevent him from writing poetry, however.
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